Diagnóstico y tratamiento quirúrgico de una paciente con una neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional / Diagnosis and surgical treatment of a patient with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia

Resumen ANTECEDENTE: La neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional forma parte del grupo de afecciones derivadas de la proliferación anómala del trofoblasto con capacidad para invasión y metástasis. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 42 años, asintomática, con sospecha ecográfica de mola hidatiforme. El legrado uterino y el estudio anatomopatológico confirmaron el diagnóstico de mola hidatiforme completa. Con la cuantificación consecutiva de tres elevaciones de la β-HCG se diagnosticó: neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional. Se estadificó en estadio I, bajo riesgo y ante el deseo genésico satisfecho la paciente aceptó la histerectomía más salpingectomía bilateral. En el seguimiento posterior la paciente se encontró asintomática, con determinaciones seriadas de b-HCG negativa y ecografías vaginales sin hallazgos. CONCLUSIÓN: La histerectomía con salpingectomía bilateral puede ser el tratamiento definitivo en casos seleccionados de neoplasia trofoblástica. La evidencia disponible es escasa, por lo que es necesario seguir investigando en este campo.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is one of a group of conditions resulting from abnormal trophoblast proliferation with capacity for invasion and metastasis. CLINICAL CASE: 42-year-old asymptomatic patient with ultrasound suspicion of hydatidiform mole. Uterine curettage and anatomopathological study confirmed the diagnosis of complete hydatidiform mole. With the consecutive quantification of three elevations of β-HCG a diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia was made. It was staged as stage I, low-risk, and the patient agreed to hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingectomy. At subsequent follow-up the patient was found to be asymptomatic, with negative serial determinations of β-HCG and vaginal ultrasound scans without findings. CONCLUSION: Hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy may be the definitive treatment in selected cases of trophoblastic neoplasia. The available evidence is scarce and further research is needed in this field.

[Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Review of our case series]. / Carcinoma epidermoide vesical. Revisión de nuestra serie.

OBJECTIVES: The squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare tumor in our environment, representing between 1.6-6.7% of all bladder neoplasias. It is more common to find foci of squamous differentiation associated with a transitional cell carcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively review all squamous cell carcinomas diagnosed and treated in our hospital between 1994 and 2004. We analyze their biological behaviour and the treatment applied. RESULTS: We found 11 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, which pathologically were pure squamous cell carcinomas in eight patients and mixed in another three. Mean patient age was 70.9 years ranging from 49 to 88 years, six of them were males and five females. All of them presented locally advanced tumor stages at the time of diagnosis (> or = T2). Although the treatment of choice is radical cystectomy, it could only be applied in three patients; it was associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in one patient. The rest of the patients were treated by transurethral resection of the tumor, with adjuvant radiotherapy in two cases and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy in one due to the advanced stage. Mean survival was 20 months ranging from 1 to 91 months. Only two patients are alive, both after radical surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The squamous cell carcinoma, in both its forms, pure and mixed, is an aggressive tumor. The late diagnosis of these tumors and their biological behaviour entail a bad prognosis. Only early diagnosis and radical treatment may improve prognosis.

Carcinoma epidermoide vesical. Revisión de nuestra serie / No disponible

OBJETIVO: El carcinoma epidermoide de vejiga es un tumor infrecuente en nuestro medio, con una proporción entre 1,6% y 6,7% de todas las neoplasias vesicales. Es más frecuente encontrar focos de diferenciación escamosa en el contexto de un carcinoma transicional. MÉTODOS: Han sido revisados de forma retrospectiva todos los carcinomas epidermoides vesicales diagnósticados y tratados en nuestro Hospital entre 1994- 2004. Analizamos su comportamiento biológico y tratamiento aplicado. RESULTADOS: Encontramos 11 casos de carcinoma epidermoide vesical, que desde el punto de vista anatomopatológico fueron 8 formas puras y 3 formas mixtas. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 70,9 años con un rango de (49-88 años) y la distribución por sexos era de 6 varones y 5 mujeres. En el momento del diagnóstico todos presentaban estadios locales avanzados (≥ T2). Aunque el tratamiento electivo es la cistectomía radical, esta sólo se pudo aplicar en tres pacientes, en uno de los cuales se asoció quimioterapia adyuvante. En el resto se realizaron resecciones transuretrales, asociadas en dos casos a radioterapia adyuvante y en un caso a ureterostomía cutánea bilateral por el estadio avanzado en el momento del diagnóstico. La media de supervivencia fue de 20 meses con un rango de 1 a 91 meses. solo 2 pacientes siguen vivos, ambos fueron sometidos a cirugía radical. CONCLUSIONES: El carcinoma epidermoide tanto en su forma pura como mixta, es un tumor agresivo. El diagnóstico tardío de estos tumores y su comportamiento biológico comportan un pronóstico sombrío. Sólo un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento radical pueden mejorar su pronóstico (AU)

OBJECTIVES: The squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare tumor in our environment, representing between 1.6-6.7% of all bladder neoplasias. It is more common to find foci of squamous differentiation associated with a transitional cell carcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively review all squamous cell carcinomas diagnosed and treated in our hospital between 1994 and 2004. We analyze their biological behaviour and the treatment applied. RESULTS: We found 11 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, which pathologically were pure squamous cell carcinomas in eight patients and mixed in another three. Mean patient age was 70.9 years ranging from 49 to 88 years, six of them were males and five females. All of them presented locally advanced tumor stages at the time of diagnosis (≥T2). Although the treatment of choice is radical cystectomy, it could only be applied in three patients; it was associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in one patient. The rest of the patients were treated by transurethral resection of the tumor, with adjuvant radiotherapy in two cases and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy in one due to the advanced stage. Mean survival was 20 months ranging from 1 to 91 months. Only two patients are alive, both after radical surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The squamous cell carcinoma, in both its forms, pure and mixed, is an aggressive tumor. The late diagnosis of these tumors and their biological behaviour entail a bad prognosis. Only early diagnosis and radical treatment may improve prognosis (AU)

Masa cervical y extrapleural contralateral de rápido crecimiento en paciente infectado por el VIH / Fast-growing cervical mass and contralateral extrapleural mass in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)

No disponible